ELISA
ELISA is also used to identify antibodies to HIV in blood, urine, or saliva. Generally, a blood sample is taken with a needle from a vein in the arm, and sent to a laboratory for testing by technicians.
The limitations of ELISA include the following:
Tests are done in batches of 40–90 specimens.
Positive results must be confirmed either with another ELISA (using a test kit from a different manufacturer) or by Western blot. The Western blot is a highly “specific" antibody test because it is particularly accurate in providing a negative test result on samples from people who are truly negative. Both confirmatory tests can be done on the initial blood sample.
Reporting of results may take several days or weeks, and women may not return for test results or may give birth before the results are ready.
Laboratories and trained laboratory technicians are required.
The test is sensitive to temperature, and reagents require refrigeration.
Thursday, December 08, 2005
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